Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 24

The executives - Essay Example ayo Clinic’s hierarchical culture and human services esteem chain are qualities that can be considered as long haul upper hands since they are uncommon, difficult to impersonate for contenders, and can be supported. Its authoritative culture is uncommon on account of its key human asset the executives recruiting and improvement arrangements and practices that guarantee that the association employs the correct individuals who fit the qualities and vital headings of the organization (Niesen). Besides, Mayo Clinic has a very much organized, science-and-innovation focused, persistent arranged, client significant human services esteem chain that it has refined for over 100 years that can't be handily imitated by contenders. Likewise, Mayo Clinic has a situating procedure that consolidations cost and separation authority. It is centered around decreasing expenses, however it additionally separates itself by being quality pioneer through innovative work. Besides, the essential importance of the article is that it shows that it is so hard to turn into the best in a social insurance industry where expenses are progressively going up, yet Mayo Clinic is succeeding in light of the fact that it has long haul upper hands, because of its devoted, skillful representatives who have made a framework that isn't just cost-effective, yet in addition quality-focused. Mayo Clinic affirms that its prosperity is a result of its frameworks and HR. This is the manner by which its R&D works: â€Å"Our essential science and doctor analysts are totally incorporated into the Clinic and they work intimately with the doctors to comprehend the key inquiries that are out there, so their work has genuine meaning† (Niesen). Its exploration depends on genuine clinical issues. In addition, Mayo Clinic underlines the estimation of its HR to its prosperity. For instance, to drive productivity, it recruits and keeps up equipped designers to concentrate on it: One of our mysteries is weve had an extremely solid custom of building at Mayo Clinic. We have 100s of designers

Whether the Construction Industry Is the ‘Pillar’ Industry in Hong Kong?

BRE216ECONOMICS FOR CONSTRUCTION AND REAL ESTATE Kwan Tsz Him (11168188D) Kwan Cheuk Pui (11055717D) Cheng Ming Xian (11704592D) Introduction Although Hong Kong has less land, there are consistently development ventures happening wherever in Hong Kong, for instance, West Kowloon Cultural District improvement, Kwun Tong redevelopment venture, and so forth. In any case, laborers and capital engaged with the development business have been decreasing.In this report, we will examine whether the development business is the ‘pillar’ business in Hong Kong and we can't help contradicting it. Centered enterprises As proposed by the Government decades prior, there are four ‘pillar’ ventures in Hong Kong, in particular, monetary administrations, exchanging and coordinations, the travel industry and maker and expert administrations. They represent about 60% of GDP and almost 50% of the all out workforce, in which development industry is included in the maker and expert s ervices.In the 21st century, the Government needs to look advance and follow the pattern of mechanical and propelled world, they proposed another six new ‘pillar’ businesses, concerning testing and affirmation, clinical administrations, advancement innovation, culture and inventive enterprises, natural industry and training administrations, in which development industry isn't included in any ‘pillar’ industry and not, at this point treated as significant by the Government. Highlights of nearby development industry There are a few highlights for neighborhood development industry in Hong Kong, with perilous workplace being the major one.Without uncertainty, mishaps happen constantly in Hong Kong when you basically flip through the paper. A portion of the mishaps are inescapable while some occurred because of imprudence. For instance, the laborers may not know about the wellbeing guidelines, mishaps consistently occur while the laborers don't comply with the s ecurity guidelines just as not to follow the working guidelines. In addition, rivalry between abroad contractual workers is sharp. These days, a great deal of development extends in Hong Kong are re-appropriated to abroad contractual workers. It is on the grounds that the innovation is further developed in abroad nations, for example, in Germany, the United States, France, etc.With sensible cost and trend setting innovation, different nations at times are increasingly serious. Besides, work serious is additionally the mark of development industry in Hong Kong. Restricted land with high populace is a trademark for Hong Kong. Work can be effectively found, be that as it may, is just pertinent previously. This will be analyzed in the report later. Concerning the earth, contamination is in accordance with the development business to an enormous degree. Since development work will definitely present clamor, air and in some cases water pollution.The contamination degree relies upon the si ze of the task. Fundamentally, the bigger size of a development venture, the more prominent the contamination will be come about. Reasons of barring development industry as column an industry in Hong Kong As referenced previously, the component of work concentrated must be depicted in old years because of the change of economy. In late 80s, the HKSAR has been changing the entire economy from work concentrated industry to business industry which is characterized as tertiary administrations as money and bookkeeping, contributing, banking thus on.In such information based society, the joblessness rate for those with low instruction level could be particularly higher. Additionally, there is no fresh blood to enter such industry. This can really be clarified by the above wonder. These days, a large portion of the laborers are 50 years of age or above and the business faces the maturing issue. As this can't be fixed, development industry will decay step by step. These days, the chance of accepting appropriate training is higher, in this way the residents don't ready to enter to an industry with desolate future. Graph demonstrating the level of populace circulation in various working sectorsAs for the development business, we may see that the rates are really fluctuating consistently and expanded from 5. 4% to 6. 8% in 1971 and 2006 separately. Just a light increment in populace is come about and furthermore, it just records for a little rate. To be honest talking, a great deal of structures are, these days, worked for various utilizations for monetary turn of events and social repayment. Be that as it may, the issue of maturing of such industry is getting increasingly genuine and we can scarcely perceive how the legislature has executed any plan to adapt to such problem.Total building and development yield and yearly rate change (Census and Statistics Department) | Total development as % of GNP| Current value| 2006| 25. 1| 14. 2| 2007| 23. 7| - 0. 1| 2008| 21. 1| - 15. 6| 2009| 13. 8| - 44. 6| 2010| 9. 2| - 35. 0| Direct and aberrant business development (Census and Statistics Department) As the chart above recommends that the immediate and roundabout work in development is contracting from 2004 to 2010. Additionally, the absolute yield just as the all out development as level of GNP is diminishing from 25. 1% to 9. 2% in 2004 and 2010 respectively.This information has shown that the financial return and commitment to Hong Kong is contracting to an enormous degree. Development conveyance to GDP Gross Domestic Product (GDP) by Economic Activity †Percentage Contribution to GDP at Basic Prices (Census and Statistics Department) | 2006| 2007| 2008| 2009| 2010| Construction| 2. 7| 2. 6| 3. 0| 3. 2| 3. 3| Services| 91. 7| 92. 8| 92. 5| 92. 6| 92. 9| GDP alludes to the market estimation of every single last great and administrations created inside a nation in a given period. From the table above, we can find that from 2006 to 2010, the developme nt business just contributed about 3% to GDP.To contrast and different ventures, development industry appears has not arrive at the standard of turning into a column in Hong Kong. The issue of development industry in Hong Kong Building temporary workers in Hong Kong are typically little. The opposition among residential and outside structure temporary workers is sharp, on the grounds that our structure innovation is work serious and customary. They contend on cost, and cut expenses, and now and again, lamentably, corner too. Therefore, the issues of security and absence of innovation advancement occurred. Moreover, the structure cost in Hong Kong is among the most elevated in cutting edge economies.As a consequence of low productivity, most industry members receive a transient view on business advancement. Complex foundation ventures have been embraced by universal contractual workers more often than not. As indicated by Labor Department mishap insights for 2005, the mishap rates pe r 1,000 specialists in the development business is 59. 9, these figures were higher than the general mishap pace of 30. 6 for each 1,000 laborers in all businesses. Because of the hazard is higher than different businesses, absence of graduates throughout the following two/three years will connect with construction.The potential threat has decreased the likelihood to draw in leaving authentication understudies into the development callings, it builds the trouble to proceed and grow the development business. Number circulation of laborers in development industry (Labor Department) | End of 2000| Beginning of 2009| Total workers| 83924| 51944| Public| 44355| 20825| Private| 32704| 31119| Building| 61676| 40772| Civil| 22248| 11172| Conclusion To close, we do concur that development is significant in Hong Kong. Land is firmly connected with the economy and it makes many occupation opportunities.During the â€Å"financial tsunami†, government even reserved a lot of open cash on d evelopment ventures to invigorate the economy. Be that as it may, the dissemination from development industry to GDP turns out to be less and less while contrast and the past, it just holds about 3% of GDP consistently. Also, with numerous issues in this businesses, it is difficult for the Government to make it as a ‘pillar’ industry. We recommend that the Government despite everything need to put center around development industry however it need not to be the column business in Hong Kong. Reference 1.Census and Statistics Department: Report on the Quarterly Survey of Construction Output, third Quarter 2011 http://www. censtatd. gov. hk/freedownload. jsp? file=publication/stat_report/business/B10900022011QQ03B0100. pdf&title=Report+on+the+Quarterly+Survey+of+Construction+Output&issue=Third+Quarter+2011&lang=1 2. Enumeration and Statistics Department: Real Estate Project Statistics http://www. censtatd. gov. hk/hong_kong_statistics/statistical_tables/list. j sp? tableID=119 3. Enumeration and Statistics Department: Statistics in the business segment of development http://www. enstatd. gov. hk/hong_kong_statistics/statistical_tables/record. jsp? tableID=116 4. HK Job News http://www. hkjobnews. com/2010/03/7. html 5. Development Workers Registration Authority. Yearly report http://www. cwra. organization. hk/data/AnnualReport/report11/record. htm 6. Shair W, Bright skyline for Hong Kong's development area: Recruiting newcomers. http://www. careertimes. com. hk/english/article/show_article. asp? category_id=1037;article_id=14111;title=bright-skyline for-hong-kong-s-development sector;listby=date;listby_id

Kraninger announces that CFPB will remain CFPB, despite Mulvaneys efforts to rebrand to BCFP - OppLoans

Kraninger announces that CFPB will remain CFPB, despite Mulvaneys efforts to rebrand to BCFP - OppLoans Kraninger announces that CFPB will remain CFPB, despite Mulvaneys efforts to rebrand to BCFPInside Subprime: Jan 22, 2019By Aubrey SitlerDirector of the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB) Kathy Kraninger announced in late 2018 that she would not pursue her predecessor’s efforts to rebrand the agency to the Bureau for Consumer Financial Protection (BCFP). Kaninger replaced Mick Mulvany, an acting director widely perceived to be more sympathetic to payday loan firms than consumers.In an email announcement to all CFPB staff, she noted: “I care much more about what we do than what we are called… As of December 17, 2018, I have officially halted all ongoing efforts to make changes to existing products and materials related to the name correction initiative. This message was complemented by a tweet she posted, which showed a picture of two mugs one with the CFPB logo and one with the BCFP seal and a caption that read: “Both can do the job. It’s what we put inside that matters. #realconsumerprotection  KK.” This decision was one of Kraninger’s first in her new role, to which she was appointed in early December 2018.Mick Mulvaney, the previous acting director of the CFPB, began a crusade in March 2018 to shift the CFPB’s name to the BCFP an effort that started with commissioning a new seal and logo. It then progressed to include a formal request to the Associated Press (AP) to change the agency’s name and acronym in the AP Stylebook, and escalated to a redecorated CFPB lobby with “BCFP” signage. Many saw symbolism in the positioning of “bureaucracy” before the “consumer” in this name change, there was a another problem associated with it: its costs.According to a CFPB analysis obtained and published by The Hill, this name change was estimated to cost taxpayers between $9 million and $19 million, and companies would have incurred over $300 million in costs associated with the name change.Mulvaney’s insistence on rebranding th e CFPB was widely seen to be consistent with his dedication to dismantling the Bureau’s intended role by undercutting its role as a consumer watchdog and advocacy agency.For more information on  payday loans, scams, and  cash advances  and  check out our city and state financial guides  including Florida, Illinois, Texas and more.Visit  OppLoans  on  YouTube  |  Facebook  |  Twitter  |  LinkedIn

Analysis Of The Short Article On Being An Atheist

James Shank October 12, 2015 Phil 201- B06 The Problem of Evil H. J. McCloskey is the author of the short article â€Å"On Being an Atheist†. He has also written many more books on the support of atheism. For this essay we will be looking at his article â€Å"On Being an Atheist†. In his article, McCloskey examines many Christian arguments for the existence of God. McCloskey not only says that Christians are wrong in using these arguments but he critically analyzes them from the view point of a devout atheist. While H. J. McCloskey gives his strong beliefs on the existence of God and reason behind evil being in the world, a Christian can still stand firm in their beliefs because of supporting evidence. McCloskey often and strongly believes that there are â€Å"proofs† which exist in the world. These â€Å"proofs† provide â€Å"sound† reasoning for why the existence of God is impossible. From Foreman’s presentation we can learn that we cannot use â€Å"proofs† to best explain th e existence of God. As we look in the world and universe around us we see that God is the best possible approach. Just like we use best possible approach in the sciences, we can use the best possible approach to support that God does indeed exist. In all reality when we are faced with an argument, we can always find a way to refute the opposing view point. Fortunately, on the topic of God exists one comes to the end of the road eventual. God cannot be explained in the minds of men for we cannot comprehend God, no one can. For weShow MoreRelatedComm 101 Persuasive Speech Outline1453 Words   |  6 PagesCommunication 101 Persuasive Speech Outline Organization: Problem-Solution Audience analysis: My audience consists of one 39 year old female who is college educated and works part time. 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It was then Ellis realized that his future did not involve being a novelist Ellis decided to start a part-time private practice for sex and family therapy after he was awarded his master’s degree in 1943. ByRead MoreEssay about O’Connor’s Works: An In-Depth Analysis2157 Words   |  9 Pagesextensive crucial interest, and since her loss of life the outpouring has been amazing, such as thousands of articles and several full-length analysis. While her perform has occasioned some violent opinions, such as those which marked her as an atheist or charged her of using the repulsive gratuitously, she is almost globally well-known, if not completely recognized. Along with wide-ranging analysis of her design, framework, importance, sculpts styles, and impacts, crucial conversation often facilitiesRead MoreCan You Be Happy Without God?8898 Words   |  36 Pagesdecided to combine all three and make my broad research topic the impact of religiosity on an adolescent individual’s life satisfaction. In the following weeks I conducted thorough secondary research on my topic, looking through a range of books, articles, journals and websites. Initially, when I had first chosen my topic and begun research, I found there was a vast array of information regarding the study and psychological influences of religion on an individual. This influenced me to narrow my topicRead More Creationism vs Evolutionism Essay2392 Words   |  10 Pages nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Most people view the theory of evolution as being a feasible explanation of how life became what is today. Evolution is a theory that the various organisms are descended from others that lived in earlier times and that the differences are due to inherited changes that occurred over many generations. It must be realized that evolution is a theory and cannot be considered a fact. Even though it’s roots are from Greek anatomists, the theory of evolution came to light

Global Positioning Systems And Its Effect On The Way We...

Global positioning systems have made enormous changes in the way we travel and now this same technology is making great strides in helping individuals manage their type 2 diabetes. The d-Nav is an innovative device created by Hygieia that automatically maps out a patient’s insulin treatment by charting his or her glucose readings. The creators term the device a â€Å"Diabetes Insulin Guidance System† (DIGS). Eran Bashan is the CEO and co-founder of Hygieia, Inc. He states that just like a GPS for a car, the user tells the device where he or she wants to go and DIGS creates a master plan, adjusting the plan according to current blood-sugar levels. Bashan continues stating that the benefit of a global positioning system is not its ability to†¦show more content†¦United Kingdom Study Finds d-Nav Effective in Dropping Average Blood Glucose Levels According to a previous study conducted by the South Eastern Health and Social Care Trust in the United Kingdom, which is part of the country’s National Health Service, patients who used the d-Nav service had a substantial decrease in their average blood sugar levels (HbA1c); furthermore, there was a significant reduction in the costs associated with diabetic care during the 12 months of the study. Ann Baker is Blue Cross/Blue Shield’s vice president of wellness and care management: She states that BC/BS evaluated the data from the United Kingdom study and they are eager to explore the potential d-Nav has in reference to patient care and cost reductions for their members in Michigan who have type 2 diabetes. Blue Cross/Blue Shield of Michigan is the first health plan within the U.S. to evaluate the d-Nav as part of their mission to provide their members who have chronic conditions with innovative solutions. March of 2016 - Hygieia and Blue Cross/Blue Shield (BC/BS) of Michigan Teaming Up for d-Nav Study Type 2 diabetes is the most common form of the disease and occurs when the body rejects or does not produce enough insulin. There are more than 3 million people within the U.S. who have this condition and 20 million globally. The Ann Arbor-based medical device company Hygieia is teaming up with Blue Cross/Blue Shield of

Journal Syllabus - 1109 Words

08 january 2016 (week 1) On the first day of community service class, Lecture explain about community service cause syllabus to improve knowledge student. Beside, lecture also play a videos community service which is to explain about definition of this subject. In the videos, we learn the concept on community service such as what we doing. We feel very happy because in this subject learn about unity which is work together to make people satisfy such as fell happy and enjoyable in real life. 15 january 2016 (week 2) Second class, we are learning concept and ideas about volunteering. We think volunteering is something that someone to doing something for themselves. What we learn after lecture explain is volunteering is an activity or†¦show more content†¦On this day we decided to continue of proposal on Monday 29 february 2016 because we need a lot of time to discus proposal so that our proposal will running smoothly. What we think here is we agree to get some extra classes to correct our project proposal that already choose make it improve such as the activities and duty of working committees. What we gain have is we need to do it together so that we can share information and give our opinions on the activities. 29 february 2016 (week 8) On Monday, we are not having any classes. We go to college to discuss about our project paper. What my team member expected on this day, lecture talk a lot about the activities of the project . we can feel that our lecture wants our project run smoothly and don’t want us make orphans happy and enjoy when we do the activities such as games singing, painting, and else. In this lesson, we learn about must stick together and not just satisfy our self and also must satisfy other. 04 march 2016 (week9) We feel calm on this day because we manage to collect money with amount RM1870. We discuss about how we manage the budget to make our budget balance debit and credit. The all donation we get from students, lectures, parents, staff of college, and other parties. What we expected here is we can divide money in right and logic manner. In all the project proposal the budget will be the important part to run all the programmes and we can start toShow MoreRelatedSyllabus: Corporate Finance and Business Journal/newspaper Article1123 Words   |  5 PagesBUSI K4003 Corporate Finance Syllabus Summer 2012, (Summer Q) Instructor: Brendan Mallee bm2115@columbia.edu Class Time/Location: July 2nd – August 8th MW 6:10-9:30pm / Hamilton Hall 516 Course Description: This course examines important issues in corporate finance from the perspective of financial managers who are responsible for making significant investment and financing decisions. 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The History Of The Atom Essay Research free essay sample

The History Of The Atom Essay, Research Paper THE HISTORY OF THE ATOM I am making my undertaking on the history of the atom. The atom was non merely thought up nightlong it took 1000s of old ages of research and experimenting, but was eventually finalized bty Dalton. Dalton was funny about many things but most of all he wondered how substances combined. He discovered that if you combine two substance, you got a new wholly different substance. After old ages of experimenting he came up with the jurisprudence of multiple proportions. From this Dalton concluded that all affair was made out of atoms which where indivisible.. They could be separated from each other or combined to organize new substances. Dalton besides assumed that if two elements combined to do one compound, that compound consisted of one atom of each component. All this was merely and premise by Dalton and he didn # 8217 ; Ts have scientific plenty equipment to verify this, subsequently scientists found out that some of his premises where incorrect. We will write a custom essay sample on The History Of The Atom Essay Research or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Like the atoms is ga s are non near together and the atom is far from indivisible. Dalton was known as the great experimenter and he based most of his work on other peoples decisions. But he did come up with many historical alterations theories like the atomic theory The different parts of the atom like the negatron, proton and neutron where found by different people. The negatron was discovered by scientists who # 8217 ; s chief involvements where electricity instead so chemistry. The proton was besides discovered by a group of scientists. A proton a individual unit of positive charge and is 1840 times heavier so an negatron. The proton is what remains when a H atom is stripped of an negatron. In 1932 Sir James Chadwick confirmed yet another subatomic atom, the neutron. Neutrons are subatomic atoms with no charge. But there mass is about equal to the proton. In decision an atom is made of three parts negatrons, protons and the neutron, all of these are every bit of import and a necessity to finish an atom.

Salsa Music Essays - Salsa Music, Music Of New York City, Salsa

Salsa Music Salsa Music a popular genre of Latin American music. Since its emergence in the mid-1960s, salsa has achieved worldwide popularity, attracting performers and audiences not only in Latin American communities but also in such non-Latin countries as Japan and Sweden. In terms of style and structure, salsa is a reinterpretation and modernization of Cuban dance-music styles. It emerged around 1900 as an urban, popular dance-music style in Cuba. It derived some features from Hispanic music, including its harmonies and the use of the guitar and a similar instrument called the tres. To these, it added characteristics of the rumba, a style of dance music with Afro-Cuban origins. Features derived from the rumba include a rhythmic pattern known as clave and a two-part formal structure. This structure consists of a songlike first section followed by a longer second section featuring call-and-response vocals and instrumental improvisations over a repeated chordal pattern. By the 1940s the son had become the most popular dance music in Cuba, Puerto Rico, and much of urban Africa; Puerto Ricans who moved to New York City brought the son with them. The 1950s were a particularly dynamic period for Cuban dance music. Cuban and Puerto Rican performers in Havana, Cuba, and New York City popularized the mambo as a predominantly instrumental, big-band style. The mambo, together with the medium-tempo chachach?, enjoyed considerable popularity in the United States. Most importantly, the son was modernized by adaptation to horn-based ensembles of 10 to 15 musicians and distinctive, often jazz-influenced instrumental styles. By the 1950s, New York City had become host to a large and growing Puerto Rican community. A wave of social and political activism, cultural self-assertion, and artistic ferment swept through this community in the 1960s. The newly founded Fania Records successfully promoted several young performers of Cuban-style dance music, and the music?now repackaged as salsa?became linked to the sociopolitical effervescence of the era. Bandleaders such as Willie Colon, Rub?n Blades, Johnny Pacheco, Ray Barretto, and Eddie Palmieri led the musical movement, in which salsa became a self-conscious vehicle for Latino pride, unity, and mobilization throughout the Hispanic Caribbean Basin countries and among Latino communities in the eastern United States. Most importantly, however, salsa, with its intricate and driving rhythms, its brilliant horn arrangements, and its searing vocals, served as an exuberant and exhilarating dance music. By the mid-1970s, salsa had become the dominant popular music idiom in the Spanish-speaking Caribbean, with Venezuela and Colombia emerging as music centers to rival New York City. But during the 1980s, salsa's themes of Latin unity and sociopolitical idealism diminished. In addition, the genre faced new competition, especially in New York City and Puerto Rico, from the merengue, a dance-music style from the Dominican Republic. Nevertheless, salsa has remained popular among younger generations of Latinos, who tend to favor a smoother, more sentimental style known as salsa rom?ntica, popularized by such bandleaders as Eddie Santiago and Tito Nieves. Notable salsa singers of the 1990s included Linda India Caballero and Mark Anthony.

Parts of a Story The 11 Essential Story Elements You Need to Get Right

Parts of a Story The 11 Essential Story Elements You Need to Get Right Parts of a Story: The 11 Essential Story Elements You Need to Get Right Knowing the parts of a story are essential for getting your book right.Without constructing your book with these in mind, you could be taking the book idea you really love and need to get out into the world and just throwing it away.And if you really want readers to not only experience your story but to enjoy it, keeping these parts of a story top of mind is crucial.Here are the 10 essential parts of a story:CharactersSettingPlotConflictResolutionThemesMoralsSymbolismPoint of viewPerspectivePulling it all togetherNOTE: If youre ready to craft a strong story (with the help of an established fiction author as your coach), check out our VIP Fiction Self-Publishing Program. Learn more about it hereWhat are the parts of a story?There are infinite ways to write a book and tell a story.You can use endlessly different story structures and styles, but each story or novel is going to boil down to three fundamental elements: character, setting, and plot.These are your story’s main course , but what’s a meal without side dishes?We’re also going to cover conflict, resolution, themes, morals, symbolism, point of view, and perspective: what they are, how to use them, and how all of these literary elements work together to make a complete and filling dinnerI mean storyI’m hungry.Parts of a Story Plot: Characters, Setting, Plot, Other Story ElementsOnce youve got a solid story idea, the real work begins.Here are the 10 essential parts of a story every writer needs to get it right. Without these, your story (whether youre writing a short story or a full novel) will fall flat.#1 Characters Your audience should feel different levels of closeness to your different characters, depending on if they’re main, secondary, or background character.But one key thing to keep in mind about including characters is, if your character is important enough to have a name, they’re important enough to have a goal. What do your characters want? Their desire can be simple or complex, tangible or conceptmaybe they want a job, a house, approval, a child, contentment. If your character doesn’t want something, they won’t be compelled to act.Download this character sheet to dive deep into understanding your characters motives better: Download your FREE character development worksheet!If your character isn’t acting, they’re passive or they’re just a plot device. You want to avoid both, and this is usually accomplished through strong character development.#2 SettingThe setting is when and where your story takes place.Aside from the physical location and position in time, your setting can include:weatherpolitical climatesocial normscultural influencesTake the time to consider these aspects to build a complex world for your characters to interact with.Particularly in fantasy and sci-fi worlds, a lot of planning goes into establishing a convincing and engaging story setting that can either add to your plot or take away from it.#3 PlotYour plot is the actual storywhat happens, when, how, why, and what’s the result?There are a lot of different ways to structure your plot, but in general, a plot arc has five main points:Set-up/exposition The beginning part of your story where you establish the world, the characters, the tone, and your writing styleRising action The rising action is usually prompted by your inciting incident. Here, you escalate tension and problems, explore your characters. This is the biggest chunk of your book.Climax This is the sort of â€Å"moment of truth.† The culmination of everythingthe highest point of tension. The point the plot has been leading up to.Falling action What goes up, must come down. This is where you resolve any subplots and side stories.Resolution Wrap up.Heres a quick visual representation with explanations below:Guy Rolls Down Hill In Tire Towards CarDONT try this at home That was close! 😠¨Ã°Å¸Ëœ ¬Posted by UNILAD on Monday, August 13, 2018Heres what happened in the plot of this video:Set-up: Supporting cast prepping to roll our main character down a hill in a tire. We can tell from the vibe and energy that this is just some classic lad antics.Rising action: The tension builds as our MC gains momentum, and we can’t tell what’s going to happen.Climax: Our MC is speeding down the hill at this point, when he nearly collides with a moving vehicle! Then he disappears into the water! Is he okay? Tension is at its highest.Falling action: Our hero is safe! The vehicle and driver are fine.Resolution: His stoned pals cheer him on. All is well.Along with our three fundamental story elements, we can dive a little deeper and discuss conflict and resolution.#4 ConflictYour conflict should rise throughout (peaking at the climax).During the editing process, a good practice is to look at each scene and ask if there is conflict within it. Here are some questions you can ask yourself (or your beta readers):Does the scene add to the overall plot?Does the scene advance internal or inter-character relationships?Does the scene add to a subplot?Does the scene answer or bring about any plot-crucial questions?The conflict could lend to the overall plot, a subplot, conflict between characters, or ev en a smaller conflict that is resolved within that scene. For a story to be interesting, there needs to be conflict.Scenes that don’t add to that are fluff.#5 ResolutionI want to talk a little more about resolution, since it’s so important. How you end your story is what will sit with readers the longest.What’s the culmination of all we went through during the story? What did the characters learn that led them to the decisions they ultimately made? By the end of your story, all of your conflicts should have a resolution.In some cases, conflicts are intentionally left a bit open-ended without a solid resolution, but this should be done intentionally and there should be some sort of resolution, even if it’s an unsatisfying ending with a little remaining mystery.Further boiling a story down will reveal elements like themes, morals, and symbolism.#6 ThemesA theme is your story’s main takeaway. Your story can have one theme, or several.Some examples o f themes include:Coming of agewhat struggles come with it, what’s good about itForgivenesstrying to achieve it, avoiding it, accepting itDeathovercoming it, processing it, fearing itLoveovercoming it, processing it, fearing it (lol)EmpowermentDisplacementMotherhoodInjusticeGood versus badThe list is literally endless.The theme of your story helps to focus the narrative and answers the question: What’s the point? What have your characters learned? How are they changed, and what will they affect now that they are different?#7 MoralsThe moral of your story is related to themewhat message do you want your story to convey?If the theme is what the character learned, you can think of the moral as what the reader learned. Let’s take a coming of age narrativewhat are possible morals in that type of story?Don’t grow up too fastFollow your dreamsListen to the wisdom of othersAccept yourself as you areAppreciate where you are and what’s happening nowConsider what morals you want to convey, but avoid directly stating them when writing your book. This is part of the experience of reading your storyand thats for the readers.#8 SymbolismSymbolism is a literary device used to convey subtle meanings.A symbol can be anything from an object, a character archetype, an animal, an occurrence in nature. A window, an estranged father, a lion, a storm, a desk, a fire. Symbols have meaning connected to them.Here are some examples of symbolism in stories:A window might signify freedom, longing, hope.A lion might be bravery.A storm might be impending doom or threat.A desk could indicate creativity, work, neglect.It all depends on the context of the story and the connotations you assign to your symbols.Themes, morals, and symbolism are fun writing tools and parts of a story to work with, but be cautious of relying on them. They’re icing and sprinklesnot the cupcake.#9 Point of viewThe point of view of your story is simply who is telling the stor y. The most common in fiction are first-person, third-person limited, and third-person omniscient.First-person POV:First-person is the main character telling the story. It uses the pronouns I, me, myself.A strength of using first-person is that your reader will connect with your character very easilythe reader essentially becomes the character. If done well, this is a very intimate reading experience.A weakness of first-person is that your storytelling is limited to that perspective. It’s difficult to tell an entire story with a single, first-person narrator. It can be done, but it takes more effort than it might with a different point of view.Heres a first-person point of view example from my collection of short stories, Little Birds.Third-person limited POV :Third-person is an outside narrator telling the story. It uses the pronouns he, she, they.Even though it’s an outsider narrator, third limited keeps us in the point of view of our character(s)the reader only know s what the character knows.A strength of third-person point of view is the versatility. It’s much easier to have multiple point of view characters with third-person, as opposed to first. You can also flow between third limited and third omniscient in a novel.The weakness is you don’t get the closeness to the character you have in first-person, though this can still be created through strong character development and using the rule of show, dont tell.This is an example of a third-person point of view in Jenna Morecis The Saviors Champion.Third-person omniscient POV:Third omniscient is when an outside, all-knowing narrator tells the story. Third omniscient can jump into any character’s thoughts and knows things about the story the characters might not know.The omniscient narrator knows everything happening in the universe.The obvious strength of third omniscient is ease of storytellingyou’re not limited to any one character’s knowledge.The weakness i s you’re even further from your character and it’s that much harder to forge a connection between your characters and your readers.Author Erin Morgenstern does a great job with this point of view in her novel The Night Circus, seen below.# 10 PerspectiveEven though â€Å"point of view† and â€Å"perspective† are often used in the writing community interchangeably, perspective is actually different.Perspective refers to the character’s interpretation of the world and their attitude toward it. A character’s perspective can be determined by their personal storytheir upbringing, their opinions, their socioeconomic status, their education level, etc.Considering your character’s worldview when deciding their morals and actions will make your characters and story feel more authentic.While you outline your book and storys plot, characters, and setting, don’t forget to consider everything else we’ve covered. These elements work together to tell a complete and engaging story.#11 Put it all togetherYour story is more than all of these separate parts. You need to have a way to put them together that makes sense.You need a systemWhich is exactly what Self-Publishing School provides.

Vygotskys Socio-Cultural Theory Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Vygotskys Socio-Cultural Theory - Case Study Example In order to address this need, this paper uses Vygotsky’s socio-cultural theory and Erikson’s psychosocial development theories in analyzing a child’s observed behaviors and coming up with proposed activities and lessons that would assist the child in his process of development. Â  The child observed for this case study is a boy named Samuel. He is five years old and is currently at Kindergarten level. He is from Mexico and he moved to the US about a year ago, when his parents separated and his mom decided to get a job working as a waitress in the US. He lives in Queens with his mom and an older brother, and they are enjoying a middle-class level of lifestyle. At home, the language spoken is Spanish. In school, he is undertaking the Dual Language program. Â  Based on the observations I have made about Samuel, his main problem is in terms of his Linguistic limitations. In a number of situations, Samuel attempted to participate in group discussion and every time he answers incorrectly, he demonstrates signs of sadness and insecurities. It can be seen from his actions that Samuel is strongly intimidated by his classmates. He is easily discouraged when he makes mistakes and the results to just keeping to himself. Â  Another notable observation about Samuel’s situation in class is that the teacher doesn’t pay much attention to him. Although the teacher is encouraging in the sense that when Samuel makes a mistake, she is quick to tell him that committing such mistakes is ok, it is noticeable that the teacher does not exert much effort beyond that. Samuel’s eagerness to learn is apparent but the teacher does not seem to be paying him much attention. Because of this, Samuel is not as outgoing as other children his age. During the writing sessions, he simply draws pictures of toys and people.

The Process of Changing the Oil in Your Car Research Paper

The Process of Changing the Oil in Your Car - Research Paper Example To change the oil, you need to drain the car first of its old oil. The used oil can be drained out of the oil pan at bottom of your engine. The pan that holds the oil has a drain plug that looks like a big bolt of which you need to remove to drain the old oil. But before removing the drain plug, make sure that you have already positioned your container beneath the oil drain. The container will catch the used oil as it spills out of the pan. When it is already in place, you can now remove the drain plug and let the old oil pour into the container. When all of the old oil is already drained into your container, replace the drain plug and tighten it. After draining the pan of the used oil, you have to remove the old oil filter. Most of the time, you will have to be under your car to do this but sometimes it can be reached from the top of the engine that you will not have to crawl under your car. You can remove the old oil filter by using an oil filter wrench to turn it in the counter clockwise until it’s loosed. But before installing the new oil filter, lubricate it first with the new oil so that rubber gasket can easily be screwed when you install it. After lubricating the new oil filter, you can now fill it with the new oil of about 2/3 of its capacity. After that, you can now install it into its place. Carefully hold it upright and screw it clockwise; remember to be careful because it has oil in it so it won’t spill. Lastly, you can now fill the engine with your new oil. To do this, just remove or unscrew the oil fill cap and inject the smaller end of your funnel. At this stage, it is important to check your owne r’s manual if you are doing this the first time of how much oil your engine can hold. The amount of oil your engine can hold varies with different type of vehicles so it is important to check. When you have already checked the capacity of oil your engine can hold, put the new oil in it remembering that the amount of oil you have put into the engine will be just a little more than ? of what it can hold. Never throw you used oil on the ground, nor dispose it on a river, creek or in a garbage bin. Remember that oil is combustible and can be dangerous to any organism living in a body of water. Instead, call your local gas station or oil change station and ask if they would like to have your used oil. Most of them would take your used oil because this can be recycled for future use. This would not only decrease our dependence for foreign sources oil but also helps to preserve the environment as well. When you have done all of this process without a glitch, congratulate yourself fo r you have just saved yourself some money. Word count: 760

New Testament Essay Example for Free

New Testament Essay The book of Romans has been hailed by many as one of the most important books of the New Testament. The reason is obvious: aside from the fact that theologians and famous reformers constantly refer to it as one major source of fundamental theological truths, it is a great thesis of the Apostle Paul on salvation. Martin Luther has aptly said that â€Å"it (the book of Romans) is the gospel according to Paul. † And indeed, what a clear statement it is of the gospel. If one would venture on grasping the gospel message, it would be best to start in Romans. The book is inclusive in its scope of treatment as to the redemptive plan of God. From the first chapter to the eleventh, the apostle scrupulously touched every area/issue that went through his mind that he assumed were the questions arising along as he was discussing the different topics that were all related to salvation. He did not leave a stone unturned in this book. Why salvation is universally needed? He covered everything what that question entails in chapters 1-3. If the question is about the nature of justification – how does God justifies sinners – the treatment to that is well laid in chapters 4-5. In chapter 6, Paul answers a â€Å"supposed objection† by the critic who says, â€Å"If grace has abounded all the more because of sin, then, let us continue in sin to give God more reason to shower us with His grace. † Paul’s answer to this is, one who has died to sin cannot live any longer in sin. True Christians have been buried through baptism and were raised in newness of life with Christ. They have participated in Christ’s death and resurrection by faith. And so, Paul’s argument is: â€Å"How can those who have this new life in them by the abiding presence of the Holy Spirit live still in sin? † In the next chapter (Rom. 7), Paul presented a life of struggle which is practically true of every Christian. But nevertheless, according to him, in spite of the reality and intensity of the struggle, victory is every time guaranteed; for even in the hopelessness of the case because of total depravity, Jesus Christ the Lord is the Christian’s justifier and vindicator before God (Bruce, 1985). Besides, said Paul, â€Å"there is now no condemnation† for those who are counted to be â€Å"in Christ. † The flow of the argument runs smoothly in Romans as the reader continues the reading through chapter eight, nine, ten, and eleven. Life in the Spirit is described, and how those who have the Spirit of Christ live their lives as â€Å"sons of God. † It would be impossible for Paul that Christians who have been born of the Spirit shall ever lose the battle in the end, since, according to him, even God â€Å"did not spare His own Son† for the salvation of His elect. How would He allow that petty incidentals such as those Paul have listed in Romans 8:35 abort the consummation of salvation for God’s elect? The climax of Paul’s argument reached its height when in chapter eleven he exclaimed with a doxology his praise, surrender, and awe, of the â€Å"depths† and the â€Å"unsearchableness† of God’s wisdom, knowledge, and judgments. The book of Romans is comprehensive in that it did not leave the issue about God’s Old Covenant people – the Jewish people. Aside from the rebuke that Paul has directed to those Jews who prided themselves of possessing the law and therefore â€Å"instructed† in it and in the position of â€Å"tutors† and â€Å"teachers† in chapter two, he allotted a lengthy portion on the issue of Israel in chapters nine to eleven. After having treated the dilemma of God’s people well and completely by pointing out their proper place in the economy of God in the end times in the church with the Gentile believers, Paul then devoted the remaining chapters – chapters 12-16 – to exhortation challenging the Roman Christians (which actually was composed of Jewish and Gentile believers) to live in a manner that befits those who are truly elected to be in God’s family. This, in simplified form, is the entirety of Romans. However, as magnificent and holistic as the treatment of Apostle Paul was to all of the issues involved in salvation, nothing is more fundamental than what he elucidated in chapter five when he compared Adam with Christ. It is at this point that he actually made clear the real situation of the rest of humanity. He delineated humankind in two groups alone: those who are â€Å"in Adam† and those who are â€Å"in Christ. † The presumption is that every person that is born and living in this planet is a descendant of Adam. Adam was the first human being, and as the first man, he was set as the federal head of the rest of all humanity. This, in and of itself, has nothing that any person should be alarmed about, until the issue of Adam’s standing with God as to terms of his covenant with God is touched. Adam fell into sin when as the head of his wife he consented to the temptation into which she was lured and deceived by the serpent. Because of this Fall into which Adam together with his wife fell, all of humanity, according to the Apostle, is in a state of total depravity. â€Å"All have sinned,† was Paul’s assessment borrowing his appraisal of humanity from several passages of the Old Testament Scriptures. The solution to this helpless and hopeless condition of man is only the gospel – the message of salvation which God offers in Jesus Christ. God is now offering His righteousness that will justify a person before the strict and perfect demands of His holiness. The gospel whenever proclaimed presents to every individual the perfect righteousness which alone can free man of his moral and spiritual bankruptcy as well as his eternal liability can be found in the person of Jesus Christ alone (Escalona, 2008). What follows is an elaboration of the gospel according to Apostle Paul based on some of the key verses in the first chapter of Romans. The Descendants of Adam Paul dug deep into the very roots of the problem of humanity. He was consumed by the thought of man’s condition as it was viewed from the vantage point of God. For Paul, man’s troubles were all traceable to sin. In the first chapter, God is introduced as an angry God whose wrath is evidently manifested in the heavens against â€Å"all ungodliness and unrighteousness of men. † God alone is righteous, He is the standard of true righteousness, and therefore, He stands opposed to any form of unrighteousness. The reason why people most of the time misunderstand this matter of being right before God is because the overruling idea of being right depends on whether one’s reputation in the community is acceptable or not. In other words, nowadays, one’s culture is the determinant of ethics and hence the judge, and not God who is the perfect Judge. This is where the man of today always fails. It has been like this ever since the Fall. And what is this but failure that had been passed from Adam to the succeeding generations after him to the present, and it will be as it is till the last of the human species. By the way, this is not a mere â€Å"failure† on the part of man. Under this condition, man is in sin and God holds him accountable. Since this sin came from Adam, the very quality of it is distrust on the character of God. It does not trust on the goodness of God but questions His intentions and design. The reason why Eve disobeyed was that she entertained and made room for other thoughts than just think of God as kind and generous and thinks only of what is perfectly best for the them (Adam Eve). This same misgiving on the character of God is built in within the human frame, and so every one is under the same transgression against God, and this is what theologians call original sin and it is inherited from Adam. If one is to understand all of the toils, struggles, and problems connected to life in general, one has to reckon sin as the cause of all these troubles. And if Christians still struggle with the problem of the presence of sin, the best way to start is to understand where this sin problem came from. Since sin’s power is a nagging reality to the disciple of Christ, it has to be understood in terms of why it has gotten to man’s system. And so, Adam, right away, comes into the scene as Paul proceeds to start all over again from where it all began – Adam’s fall. The â€Å"one man† that the apostle was referring to was Adam. His decision to partake of Eve’s disobedience was sin; and it was that very act itself which also introduced sin into the world where previously it was absent – and with it, death – was the sin with which he violated God’s command (DeLashmutt, 2008). The immediate consequence of sin is death. Paul’s emphasis at this point is not only the fact of death as the punishment for sin, but that sin and death not only had affected Adam but the rest of humankind after him. This is the argument of Apostle Paul in Romans 5:12-21. From this condition the gospel offers freedom and acquittal. This is called justification – the act of God by which He acquits sinners through the imparted righteousness of Christ. This is also what Paul means in the expression the â€Å"righteousness of God. † It cannot be acquired through one’s fleshly endeavors but by simply putting one’s faith in the finished and perfect work of Christ. All those who have thrusted all of the full weight of the sin problem to Jesus (who is the only propitiation for sin) are those whom the gospel categorized as those who are â€Å"in Christ. † They have the perfect righteousness of Christ on their account, and God see them in Christ. On the other hand, all of those who opt to, along with Christ, make use of other means – tradition, religion, the law, etc. – rather than on Christ alone, these are reckoned as descendants of Adam. By the way, no man was ever born automatically â€Å"in Christ. † The contrary is true. Every man was born automatically â€Å"in Adam† because every one descended from Adam physically. Jesus said, â€Å"That which is born of the flesh is flesh, and that which is born of the Spirit is spirit† (Jn. 3:6). What Jesus meant by these words was: spiritual birth does not come along with physical birth. Every man needs to experience spiritual birth because this is how one is born into the kingdom of God. Paul alludes to this in his letters. One of those is in Romans 5:12-21. In 1 Corinthians 15:48, he said: â€Å"As was the man of dust (Adam), so also are those (Adam’s descendants) who are made of dust; and as is the heavenly Man (Jesus Christ), so also are those (those who are in Christ through faith) who are heavenly. † The Gospel 1. ) God’s Good News (Rom. 1:1). Paul was â€Å"separated to the gospel of God. † This means, according to Newell, God’s special call on Paul to be an apostle. He compared this â€Å"separation† to the cases of those holy men of Old and New Testament who had had the same separation to their specific tasks in the unveiling of God’s redemptive plan. This kind of setting apart, always in each case, began in the mother’s womb. In Paul’s case, it was a calling to be an apostle to the Gentiles – to proclaim the gospel to the Gentiles. The gospel is â€Å"God’s good news,† Newell emphasized. Indeed, it was God who initiated to express His love to mankind. Humanity was in sin when God sent His own Son to die so that a perfect sacrifice could be provided for the salvation of His elect. â€Å"For when we were still without strength,† Paul told the Romans, â€Å"in due time Christ died for the ungodly. † 2. ) The Gospel Has its Roots in the Old Testament Scriptures (Rom. 1:1-2). The promises of the Old Testament scriptures pertain to the coming One – the Messiah – who would be a personification of the â€Å"righteousness of God. † The law and the sacrifices in the Temple of Moses all point to the reality of man’s need of redemption. The prophets speak of a time when righteousness would become a reality among God’s people. The Savior would make many righteous, and faith would characterize their life. 3. ) The Gospel is About Christ (Rom. 1:3-4). The gospel is called â€Å"good news† because it tells of God’s deliverance. Apart from the gospel there would be no salvation for man. Israel, until now, would be dependent on sacrificial system and the Gentiles, being deprived of the Old Testament’s God sanctioned ceremonies and promises would remain outside of God’s covenant. Since the gospel is about Christ, it should be understood for what it says about the person and work of Christ. Who is this Christ? What is his nature? What did his life, death, and resurrection accomplished that people should know and believe? These are questions that need to be answered in the gospel. Because the gospel’s message is all about Christ, it follows that he is the sole solution to humanity’s broken relationship with God. In fact, there is no other way of salvation besides Christ (Newell). 4. ) The Gospel Teaches and Results in â€Å"Obedience† Among the Nations (Rom. 1:5). Contrary to the accusations of Paul’s critics, his teaching of the grace of God in the gospel produces genuine obedience to those who believe. If one received grace, service will definitely follow as a result. In verse 8, the effect and outworking of the grace of God as it was released through the gospel in the lives of the Roman Christians, was obedience. Their faith was being â€Å"spoken of† throughout the world. They had become obedient and followed the teachings of Christ. 5. ) It is the Power of God unto Salvation (Rom. 1:16). This truth must be kept in mind by all Christians. There is no other instrument that God employs in the saving of the souls of men but the gospel. There are pressures to yield to the styles of the world. For sure, Paul was tempted to employ humanistic wisdom during his time in Corinth. As he attested to the Christians at Philippi, he had reasons to boast, humanly speaking. He said: â€Å"What things were gain to me, I have counted loss for Christ† (Phil. 3:7). And yet, to the Corinthians he said: â€Å"I determined not to know anything among you except Jesus Christ and Him crucified† (1 Cor. 2:2). It’s the same as what he told the Romans: â€Å"For I am not ashamed of the gospel of Christ. † The reason for his uninhibited and unashamed proclamation of the gospel is, because â€Å"it is the power of God unto salvation. † Reference: 1. ) Bruce, FF. 1985. Romans, Inter-Varsity Press, 38 De Montfort Street, Leicester LE1 7GP, England. 2. ) DeLashmutt, Gary. 2008. 1340 Community Park Dr. , Columbus OH 43229 (614) 823-6500. [emailprotected] org 3. ) Escalona, Alan. 2008. The Way Christian Ministry Sunday Sermon Manuscript, Iligan City 9200, Phils. 4. ) Newell, William R. Romans Verse by Verse.

Drug Addiction: A Brain Disease? :: Biology Essays Research Papers

Drug Addiction: A Brain Disease? When people hear the words drug addict, these words have negative connotations and stigmas attached to them. People visualize a person who does not care about anything, including family, work, or commitments, except for obtaining money to buy drugs to get high. However, there are many people who are drug addicts that maintain a normal, functioning life. Before we can examine why these people are addicted to drugs, one must first define the word addict. George F. Koob defines addiction as a compulsion to take a drug without control over the intake and a chronic relapse disorder (1). The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders of the American Psychiatric Association defined "substance dependence" as a syndrome basically equivalent to addiction, and the diagnostic criteria used to describe the symptoms of substance dependence to a large extent define compulsion and loss of control of drug intake (1). Considering drug addiction as a disorder implies that there are some biological factors as well as social factors. There are many biological factors that are involved with the addicted brain. "The addicted brain is distinctly different from the nonaddicted brain, as manifested by changes in brain metabolic activity, receptor availability, gene expression, and responsiveness to environmental cues." (2) In the brain, there are many changes that take place when drugs enter a person's blood stream. The pathway in the brain that the drugs take is first to the ventral tegmentum to the nucleus accumbens, and the drugs also go to the limbic system and the orbitofrontal cortex, which is called the mesolimbic reward system. The activation of this reward system seems to be the common element in what hooks drug users on drugs (2). Drugs seem to cause surges in dopamine neurotransmitters and other pleasure brain messengers. However, the brain quickly adapts and these circuits desensitize, which allows for withdrawal symptoms to occur (3). Drug addiction works on some of the same neurobiological mechanisms that aid in learning and memories (3). "This new view of dopamine as an aid to learning rather than a pleasure mediator may help explain why many addictive drugs, which unleash massive surges of the neurotransmitter in the brain, can drive continued use without producing pleasure-as when cocaine addicts continue to take hits long after the euphoric effects of the drug have worn off or when smokers smoke after cigarettes become distasteful." (4) Since memory and pleasure zones are intertwined in the brain, many researchers have been using psychological approaches to stop drug use.

Historical biases and how the truth was altered Essay

Taking into account the nature of historical truth, it cannot be viewed from absolutist position, but rather from relativist perspective. The values, dictated by the certain epoch, determine the purpose and the context of history, so there is a number of historical biases (again, from modern viewpoint) in the writings, describing and explaining the past experiences. The paper is designed to focus on the main historical biases and highlight the influence of modern media on the construction of new biases. Due to the fact that there is a plenty of historiographic schools, one can presume that each of them chooses specific symbol or aspect as a baseline and develops its argument through certain prism. In this sense, the book by Edwars Said, ‘Orientalism’, to great extent emphasizes the faultiness of Western historiographic approach to the diametrically opposite culture. The scholar writes: â€Å"The Orient is not only adjacent to Europe; it is also the place of Europe’s greatest and richest and oldest colonies, the source of its civilizations and languages, its cultural contestant, and one of its deepest and most recurring images of the Other† (Said, 1979, pp. 1-2). Orientalism therefore comprises the historically biased attitude towards the cultural ‘otherness’, so the author concludes that eastern studies cannot be completely independent from the polarization and confrontation between the two civilizations. Furthermore, social stratification determined the status of certain individual in society and consequently resulted in the creation of ‘middle class’ or ‘aristocratic’ approach to making historical notes, and, more importantly, religious approach had been predominant in this sense over more than a thousand years the issues related to heresy and Inquisition contributed to medieval historiography, whereas the social protest against religious dogmas was an overall Western historiographic framework in the 18th -20th centuries. Both approaches naturally distorted objective reality in an attempt to fit it into narrow Procrustean bed of sociopolitical context. Furthermore, it is important to keep in mind that the purpose of history hasn’t been static over the societal developmental course – it has altered a number of times – from the simple glorification of the certain ruler’s deeds to the formation of public consciousness and stereotypes. Historians, as the members of society, naturally shared most stereotypes and social convictions , even writing purely ‘for the sake of history’. Nowadays, historical biases are close-knit to the issues, which arise in connection with social, gender and racial equality, so the modern media are concentrating on covering these issues and determining public opinion. Information therefore is presented is extremely available manner, which allows remembering the content of the article without any ‘unnecessary’ reflections or more profound analysis. The ‘raw’ information (news, editorials) has attractive cover, so the digestion and informational metabolism have been enhanced over the last century, whereas the description of events still remains biased in terms of the author’s political and social position, or personal views. On the other hand, the freedom of printed word prohibits the misrepresentation of facts, yet the interpretation of certain data still may vary among journalists – this principle is widely used to put the most appropriate and suitable emphases, thus except the provision of recent news, media are responsible for creating images, persuading public and imposing certain moral or ethical evaluation of the event or phenomenon (for more utility and convenience, from the position of ‘right’ and ‘wrong’). To sum up, it is impossible to eradicate historical biases – historiography, like all descriptive and analytical sciences, follows relativist principles of ‘minor’ or ‘major’ truth. Nevertheless, with regard to high availability of historical writings, one has an opportunity to analyze the positions of several historiographic schools and draw more independent conclusions.

The Globalization of Capitalism

Capitalism, as an economic system, first debuted in the 14th century and existed in three different historical epochs before it evolved into the global capitalism that it is today. Lets take a look at the process of globalizing the system, which changed it from a Keynesian, New Deal capitalism to the neoliberal and global model that exists today. Foundation The foundation of today’s global capitalism was laid, in the aftermath of World War II, at the Bretton Woods Conference, which took place at the Mount Washington Hotel in Bretton Woods, New Hampshire in 1944. The conference was attended by delegates from all Allied nations, and its goal was to create a new internationally integrated system of trade and finance that would foster the rebuilding of nations devastated by the war. The delegates agreed to a new financial system of fixed exchange rates based on the value of the U.S. dollar. They created the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development,  now a part of the World Bank,  to manage the agreed upon policies of finance and trade management. A few years later, the General Agreement  on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) was established in 1947, which was designed to foster â€Å"free trade† between member nations, premised on low to non-existent import and export tariffs. (These are complex institutions, and require further reading for deeper understanding. For the purposes of this discussion, it’s simply important to know that these institutions were created at this time because they go on to play very important and consequential roles during our current epoch of global capitalism.) The regulation of finance, corporations, and social welfare programs defined the third epoch, New Deal capitalism, during much of the 20th century. The state interventions in the economy of that time, including the institution of a minimum wage, the cap of a 40 hour work week, and support for labor unionization, also laid pieces of the foundation of global capitalism. When the recession of the 1970s hit, U.S. corporations found themselves struggling to maintain the key capitalist goals of ever-growing profit and wealth accumulation. Protections of workers rights limited the extent to which corporations could exploit their labor for profit, so economists, political leaders, and heads of corporations and financial institutions devised a solution to this crisis of capitalism: They would shake off the regulatory shackles of the nation-state and go global. Ronald Reagan and Deregulation Ronald Reagan’s presidency is well known as an era of deregulation. Much of the regulation created during Franklin Delano Roosevelt’s presidency, through legislation, administrative bodies, and social welfare, was torn down during Reagan’s reign. This process continued to unfold over the coming decades and is still unfolding today. The approach to economics popularized by Reagan, and his British contemporary, Margaret Thatcher,  is known as neoliberalism, so named because it is a new form of liberal economics, or in other words, a return to free-market ideology. Reagan oversaw cutting of social welfare programs, reductions to federal income tax and taxes on corporate earnings, and removal of regulations on production, trade, and finance. While this era of neoliberal economics brought the deregulation of national economics, it also facilitated the liberalization of trade between nations, or an increased emphasis on â€Å"free trade.† Conceived under Reagan’s presidency, a very significant neoliberal free trade agreement, NAFTA, was signed into law by former president Clinton in 1993. A key feature of NAFTA and other free trade agreements are Free Trade Zones and Export Processing Zones, which are crucial to how production was globalized during this era. These zones allow for U.S. corporations, like Nike and Apple, for example, to produce their goods overseas, without paying import or export tariffs on them as they move from site to site in the process of production, nor when they come back to the U.S. for distribution and sale to consumers. Importantly, these zones in poorer nations give corporations access to labor that is far cheaper than labor in the U.S. Consequently, most manufacturing jobs left the U.S. as these processes unfolded, and left many cities in a post-industrial crisis. Most notably, and sadly, we see the legacy of neoliberalism in the devastated city of Detroit, Michigan. World Trade Organization On the heels of NAFTA, the World Trade Organization (WTO) was launched in 1995 after many years of negotiation and effectively replaced the GATT. The WTO stewards and promotes neoliberal free trade policies among member nations, and serves as a body for resolving trade disputes between nations. Today, the WTO operates in close concert with the IMF and the World Bank, and together, they determine, govern, and implement global trade and development. Today, in our epoch of global capitalism, neoliberal trade policies and free trade agreements have brought those of us in consuming nations access to an incredible variety and quantity of affordable  goods, but, they have also produced unprecedented levels of wealth accumulation for corporations and those who run them; complex, globally dispersed, and largely unregulated systems of production; job insecurity for billions of people around the world who find themselves among the globalized â€Å"flexible† labor pool; crushing debt within developing nations due to neoliberal trade and development policies; and, a race to the bottom in wages around the world.